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双向认证:客户端向服务器发送消息,首先把消息用客户端证书加密然后连同时把客户端证书一起发送到服务器端,服务器接到消息后用首先用客户端证书把消息解密,然后用服务器私钥把消息加密,把服务器证书和消息一起发送到客户端,客户端用发来的服务器证书对消息进行解密,然后用服务器的证书对消息加密,然后在用客户端的证书对消息在进行一次加密,连同加密消息和客户端证书一起发送到服务器端,到服务器端首先用客户端传来的证书对消息进行解密,确保消息是这个客户发来的,然后用服务器端的私钥对消息在进行解密这个便得到了明文数据。
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openssl在windows上的安装
从此处下载openssl for windows
解压,并设置PATH环境变量指向其bin文件夹
下载openssl的配置文件
并将其拷到一个文件夹下,以便用命令行指定,这里是c:/ssl/下
否则运行时会报Unable to load config info from /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf错误
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以下安装配置环境为linux,tomcat-5.5.30
一、建立目录
cd /home
mkdir ssl
cd ssl
mkdir ca
mkdir client
mkdir server
创建一个证书的步骤:
(1)生成系统私钥
(2)生成待签名证书
(3)生成x509证书, 用CA私钥进行签名
(4)导成浏览器支持的p12格式证书
二:生成CA证书
目前不使用第三方权威机构的CA来认证,自己充当CA的角色。 1. 创建私钥 :openssl genrsa -out ca/ca-key.pem 1024 2.创建证书请求 :openssl req -new -out ca/ca-req.csr -key ca/ca-key.pem-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cnState or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:bjLocality Name (eg, city) []:bjOrganization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:tbOrganizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:tbCommon Name (eg, YOUR name) []:caEmail Address []:ca@ca.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate requestA challenge password []:An optional company name []:3.自签署证书 :
openssl x509 -req -in ca/ca-req.csr -out ca/ca-cert.pem -signkey ca/ca-key.pem -days 3650 4.将证书导出成浏览器支持的.p12格式 :openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in ca/ca-cert.pem -inkey ca/ca-key.pem -out ca/ca.p12
密码:123456三.生成server证书1.创建私钥 :openssl genrsa -out server/server-key.pem 1024 2.创建证书请求 :openssl req -new -out server/server-req.csr -key server/server-key.pem-----Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cnState or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:bjLocality Name (eg, city) []:bjOrganization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:tbOrganizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:tbCommon Name (eg, YOUR name) []:localhost #此处一定要写服务器所在ipEmail Address []:server@server.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate requestA challenge password []:An optional company name []:3.自签署证书 :openssl x509 -req -in server/server-req.csr -out server/server-cert.pem -signkey server/server-key.pem -CA ca/ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca/ca-key.pem -CAcreateserial -days 3650 4.将证书导出成浏览器支持的.p12格式 :openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in server/server-cert.pem -inkey server/server-key.pem -out server/server.p12 密码:123456 四.生成client证书 1.创建私钥 :openssl genrsa -out client/client-key.pem 1024 2.创建证书请求 :openssl req -new -out client/client-req.csr -key client/client-key.pem-----Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cnState or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:bjLocality Name (eg, city) []:bjOrganization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:tbOrganizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:tbCommon Name (eg, YOUR name) []:dongEmail Address []:dong@dong.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate requestA challenge password []:An optional company name []:3.自签署证书 :
openssl x509 -req -in client/client-req.csr -out client/client-cert.pem -signkey client/client-key.pem -CA ca/ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca/ca-key.pem -CAcreateserial -days 3650 4.将证书导出成浏览器支持的.p12格式 :openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in client/client-cert.pem -inkey client/client-key.pem -out client/client.p12 密码:123456
五.根据ca证书生成jks文件 (java keystore)
keytool -keystore truststore.jks -keypass 222222 -storepass 222222 -alias ca -import -trustcacerts -file ca/ca-cert.pem
六.配置tomcat ssl
修改conf/server.xml。tomcat6中多了SSLEnabled="true"属性。keystorefile, truststorefile设置为你正确的相关路径 xml 代码 tomcat 5.5的配置:<Connector port="8443" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="true" sslProtocol="TLS" keystoreFile="server.p12" keystorePass="changeit" keystoreType="PKCS12" truststoreFile="truststore.jks" truststorePass="222222" truststoreType="JKS" /> tomcat6.0的配置:<Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="true" sslProtocol="TLS" keystoreFile="server.p12" keystorePass="changeit" keystoreType="PKCS12" truststoreFile="truststore.jks" truststorePass="222222" truststoreType="JKS"/>
七、测试(linux下)
openssl s_client -connect localhost:8443 -cert /home/ssl/client/client-cert.pem -key /home/ssl/client/client-key.pem -tls1 -CAfile /home/ssl/ca/ca-cert.pem -state -showcertsGET /index.jsp HTTP/1.0
八、导入证书
服务端导入server.P12 和ca.p12证书客户端导入将ca.p12,client.p12证书IE中(打开IE->;Internet选项->内容->证书)ca.p12导入至受信任的根证书颁发机构,client.p12导入至个人
Firefox中(工具-选项-高级-加密-查看证书-您的证书)
将ca.p12和client.p12均导入这里
注意:ca,server,client的证书的common name(ca=ca,server=localhost,client=dong)一定不能重复,否则ssl不成功
九、tomcat应用程序使用浏览器证书认证
在server/webapps/manager/WEB-INF/web.xml中,将BASIC认证改为证书认证
<login-config>
<auth-method>CLIENT-CERT</auth-method> <realm-name>Tomcat Manager Application</realm-name> </login-config>
在conf/tomcat-users.xml中填入下列内容
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><tomcat-users> <role rolename="manager"/> <role rolename="admin"/> <role rolename="user"/> <user username=", CN=dong, OU=tb, O=tb, L=bj, ST=bj, C=cn" password="null" roles="admin,user,manager"/></tomcat-users>
访问即可验证ssl是否成功
访问可验证应用程序利用client证书验证是否成功
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